Most notably, clauses 1 the general welfare or taxing and spending clause, 3 the commerce clause, and 18 the necessary and proper clause have been deemed to grant expansive powers to congress. All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a congress of the united states, which shall consist of a senate and house of representatives. Constitution article 1 section 710, article 2 flashcards. Constitution of the state of illinois article x education section 1. The migration or importation of such persons as any of the states now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on. New states may be admitted by the congress into this union. The first part of this clause, respecting laying a duty on tonnage, has been already considered. Section 1 of article 1 is known as the vesting clause. Article i of the ohio constitution is entitled bill of rights and consists of 23 sections. Article 1, section 10, clause 3 of the united states constitution states no state shall, without the consent of congress, enter into any agreement or compact with another state.
In the first clause, the constitution bars congress from banning the importation of slaves before 1808. The amendment ratified by 1971 act no 276 1971 57 315 revised and rewrote this article, substituting present section section 1 to 23 for former section section 1 to 29. Compact clause is a provision in article i, section 10, clause 3, of the u. Only the courts may determine whether one has violated a criminal statute. There are similar vesting clauses in article two and article three, which give powers to the other branches of the government. Nothing in this section shall be construed to restrict the power of the district attorney, or the inherent authority of the court. Under the compact clause, states may not lay any duty of tonnage. Article one constitution of united states of america 1789. This means no other branch is allowed to exercise the same power.
Article i, section 9 specifically prohibits congress from legislating in certain areas. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several states which may be included within this union, according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding indians not taxed, three fifths of all other persons. The congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defence and general welfare of the united states. Article 1, section 3, clause 2 immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. Article i, section 10, clause 3 no state shall, without the consent of congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops, or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with. The senate of the united states shall be composed of two senators from each state, chosen by the legislature thereof, for six years. Article 1, section 2 of the united states constitution. Article one of the united states constitution wikipedia. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation. Article 1 section 9, clause 3 a bill of attainder is a law that simply declares, by legislative fiat, that certain people are guilty of a crime and then imposes some kind of punishment upon them.
Definition of constitution of the us article 1 section 10. Under the article, the states are forbidden from entering into treaties with foreign nations. Clause 3 of article i, section 9 of the constitution forbids the federal government from passing ex post facto laws, and clause 1 of article i, section 10, forbids state governments from doing the. The house of representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several states, and the electors in each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the state legislature. The general assembly may prescribe general laws to further define and implement this section.
These restrictions include those on limiting the slave trade, suspending civil and legal protections of citizens, apportionment of direct taxes, and granting titles of nobility. No state shall, without the consent of congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops, or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another state, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in. Article 1 section 10 clause 3 constitution annotated. Many powers of congress have been granted under a broad interpretation of article 1, section 8. Article i, section 02, clause 3 of the united states. Immediately after they shall be assembled in consequence of the first election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. No state shall, without the consent of congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops, or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another state, or with a foreign power, or engage in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay. In writing the tonnage clause, the framers recognized that, if the states had been left free to tax the privilege of access by vessels to their harbors the prohibition in article i, 10, clause 2 against duties on imports and exports could have been nullified by taxing the vessels transporting the merchandise. Article i, washington state constitution ballotpedia. What was written in the us constitution article 1 section 10. Constitution of the us article 4 section 3 section 3 new states new states may be admitted by the congress into this union. In the second and third clauses, the constitution specifically guarantees rights to those accused of crimes. When a bill passes both the house and the senate, the bill goes to the president who must sign it to make it the law. Oregons governor kate brown unconstitutionally entered oregonians into the western states pact.
Goal free schools a fundamental goal of the people of the state is the educational development of all persons to the limits of their capacities. Any bill raising money taxes must begin in the house of representatives, but the senate must agree with it, just like any other bill. It includes 35 sections and has been amended seven times since the current version of the washington state constitution was ratified on october 1, 1889. Apportionment of seats in the house the census requirement clause 4. Article i, section 10 of the united states constitution plays a key role in the american system of federalism by limiting the powers of the states. In other words, its a way for a legislature to act like judge and jury, convicting and punishing people without benefit of trial.
North carolina constitution article 1 north carolina. Constitution places limits on the powers of congress, the legislative branch. Enumeration clause the heritage guide to the constitution. This clause gives congress of the governments power to make laws. A bill of attainder is a legislative act declaring the guilt of an individual or a group of persons and punishing them. Article 1, section 10, clause 3 university of chicago press. A portion of article i, section 2, was changed by the 14th amendment. Article i, section 2, clause 3 the actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the congress of the united states, and within every subsequent term of ten years.
The remaining clauses have their origin in the same general policy and reasoning, which forbid any state from entering into. Compact clause the heritage guide to the constitution. No bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed. The first part of this clause, respecting laying a. Founders framers minute article 1, section 3, clause 1 the senate of the united states shall be composed of two senators from each state, chosen by the legislature thereof 1, for six years. On may 29, 1787 edmund randolph proposed a bicameral legislature with proportional representation for each house. Article 1 of the washington state constitution is labeled declaration of rights. The senate of the united states shall be composed of two senators from each state, chosen by the legislature thereof, the preceding words in parentheses superseded by the 17th amendment, section 1. All men are, by nature, free and independent, and have certain inalienable rights, among which are those of enjoying and defending life and liberty, acquiring, possessing, and protecting property, and seeking and obtaining happiness and safety. Article 1 the legislative branch section 3 the senate. Cole rainey article 1, section 10, clause 3 of the.